Lis des Incas (Alstroemeria aurantiaca)

Publié lundi 21 janvier 2013 Commenter 82
Lis des Incas

Sommaire

Lis des Incas : en bref

Nom scientifique
Alstroemeria aurantiaca
Provenance / Origine
Amérique du Sud, Chili en particulier
Période de semi
Printemps
Période de floraison
Fin de printemps à début d'été
Couleur de floraison
Orange, jaune
Température
Rustique jusqu'à -8°C
Exposition à la lumière
Mi ombre, ombre
Reproduction
Division des pieds, Semis peu fiable
Hauteur
70cm
Acidité du sol
Neutre ou légèrement acide
Entretien
Mulcher l'hiver, compost en automne
Type biologique
Vivace
Maladies
Des maladies cryptogamiques ont été relevées
Type de feuillage
Caduc
Insectes et animaux ravageurs
Limaces, araignées rouges

Classification de la plante

Règne
Plantae
Sous-règne
Tracheobionta
Division
Magnoliophyta
Classe
Liliopsida
Sous-classe
Liliidae
Ordre
Liliales
Famille
Liliaceae

Dans l'ombre des Incas

Le Lis des Incas est une plante qui, comme son nom le suppose a été exportée depuis le Chili. Cette monocotylédone se dresse sur presque un mètre et porte des grandes fleurs colorées en jaune ou orangé. Tel un coup de pinceau sur une toile de fauvisme, cette plante andine colorera vos massifs ombragés. Faîtes tout de même attention en la manipulant, sa sève est toxique et son contact avec la peau peu provoquer des réactions allergiques.


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Choisissez un endroit tenu à l'ombre par quelque arbres, ou un mur exposé au nord, où vous implanterez un massif avec du compost, en ajoutant éventuellement du gravier ou du sable si le sol n'est pas assez perméable. La composition idéale du sol serait un tiers d'humus, un tiers de sol acide et le reste de sable ou de perlite pour le drainage. Retournez la terre en profondeur car l'Alstroemère n'aime pas faire peiner ses racines. Il faut alors espacer les plants de 15cm ou plus car la plante s'étale sur 40cm à maturité. Ne vous attendez pas à la voir exploser en fleurs dès la première année; il faudra attendre deux ou trois ans pour voir cette flemmarde libérer son plein potentiel une fois mise à l'aise dans son nouvel habitat. Au niveau des conditions climatiques, la plante préfère un cycle de 4°C en hiver et de 20°C en été mais pourra supporter des gelées jusqu'à -8 °C. Vous pourrez l'aider en couvrant le sol d'un Much de 20cm de feuilles mortes pendant l'hiver, cela augmentera en plus l'apport en matière organique et tiendra la partie souterraine de votre Alstroemère au chaud. Pendant la belle saisons, arrosez à raison d'une fois toute les deux semaines sans saturer le sol.

Pour multiplier votre plante, le plus simple est de réaliser une division des tubercules souterrains en les plantant à 20cm de profondeur avec précautions.


L'Alstroemère à l'état naturel

Le Lys des Incas est encore spontané dans la cordillère des Andes au Chili, il pousse dans les vallées et jusqu'à une altitude moyenne tant que les arbres sont présents. On ne le trouve plus au delà de 2000m. Il arbore les zones humides où la pluie est régulière; une absence de précipitations pendant plus d'un moins lui est difficile. Si on ne la trouve pas plus haut que les arbres, c'est parce qu'elle a besoin de leur ombre qui filtre pour elle environ 60 à 80% de la lumière car l'Alstroemère ne supporte pas la lumière directe, intense dans cette région.


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