Sauge Guarani (Salvia Guaranatica)

Publié samedi 20 avril 2013 Commenter 101
Salvia Guaranatica

Sommaire

Sauge Guarani : en bref

Nom scientifique
Salvia Guaranatica
Provenance / Origine
Amérique du Sud
Période de semi
Printemps
Période de floraison
fin de l'été à fin de l'automne
Couleur de floraison
bleue foncée, violette
Température
jusqu'à -10°C
Exposition à la lumière
ensoleillé à mis-ombragé
Reproduction
bouture herbacée de printemps ou semis de printemps
Hauteur
bouture herbacée de printemps ou semis de printemps
Acidité du sol
neutre à acide
Entretien
paillage hivernal, pincer, rabattre en fin de floraison
Type biologique
herbacée vivace
Maladies
paillage hivernal, pincer, rabattre en fin de floraison
Type de feuillage
caduc (persistant en zone tropicale seulement)
Insectes et animaux ravageurs
pucerons, araignées rouges, limaces

Classification de la plante

Règne
Plantae
Sous-règne
Tracheobionta
Sous-classe
Asteridae
Ordre
Lamiales
Famille
Lamiacées

La sauge guarani tient son nom des populations amérindiennes d’Amazonie qui vivent dans sa région d’origine. Comme toutes les autres sauges elle craint le froid et les sols peu drainés. Voici donc quelques conseils pour avoir de magnifiques massifs.

Conseils pour la culture :

Pour lutter contre le gel des plants, deux solutions s’offrent à vous : vous pouvez dans un premier temps faire un paillage hivernal, mais si les gelées persistent il faudra choisir la deuxième solution, qui sera alors de rentrer les plants sous serre. Dans le premier cas, une couche d’environ 5cm d’épaisseur suffit en général à protéger des petites gelées. Il faut cependant renouveler la couche régulièrement, en utilisant des tontes de gazon, des paillettes de chanvre ou de lin, des coques de cacao ou de la paille broyée. En ce qui concerne le drainage du sol, vous pouvez ajouter du sable du Rhin à une terre trop compacte pour l’améliorer.

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Les semis se font en général entre février et mars en serre, puis vous devez repiquer les plants en godet aux alentours d’avril et vous pourrez ainsi planter sur place en mai-juin. Si vous mettez les plants sous abri d’avril à mai, il faudra alors rabattre court les tiges puis maintenir certains rameaux en fin de floraison.

Lutte contre le botrytis :

Bien que ce champignon soit recherché dans la culture de vigne pour la fabrication de vins liquoreux, il est fortement nocif pour la sauge. En effet il engendre le flétrissement des fleurs, l’apparition de taches foliaires brunes, le pourrissement des racines et le dessèchement des tiges. Il se développe si la chaleur et combinée à l’humidité, ou encore si les plantes sont gelées ou nécrosées. Il est donc conseillé de privilégier une bonne aération (par exemple en taillant et en espaçant le plus possible les plans pour favoriser la circulation de l’air).

Lutte contre les pucerons :

Certains oiseaux comme les mésanges, fauvettes et pics sont friands de fourmis et donc empêchent le développement des pucerons. Vous pouvez donc installer des nichoirs pour attirer ces auxiliaires de culture. Mais de nombreux insectes sont aussi utiles : syrphes, chrysopes, perce-oreilles, coccinelles, araignées… Certaines plantes peuvent aussi êtres associées à la sauge pour éviter les attaques de pucerons comme les capucines, la lavande ou l'œillet d’inde, qui s'harmoniseront parfaitement avec la sauge au sein d'un massif.

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